What does "castigate" mean?

The term "castigate" specifically means to reprimand or criticize someone severely. It denotes a strong expression of disapproval or punishment, often aimed at correcting behavior or actions. This aligns with the notion of delivering a harsh critique or chastisement, which is what the correct choice conveys. Understanding this term is useful in various contexts, especially in discussions about discipline, accountability, or ethical behavior, where consequences for actions are highlighted.